Introduction
- Enzymes are proteins that act as biocatalysts. (It is different from catalytic RNA molecules called ribozymes and DNA molecules called synthetic deoxyribozymes.)
- Specific Substrate binding
- Organisation of enzyme structure(or ES&EI complex) : Active site = Binding sites + Catalytic site
Mechanisms
Lock and key model
Induced fit model
Interaction Aspects
- Proximity and orientation
- Proton donors or acceptors
- Electrostatic catalysis
- Covalent catalysis
- Metal ion catalysis
- Bond strain
- Quantum tunneling
- Active enzyme
Cofactors
Apoenzyme(Apoprotein) + Cofactor = Holoenzyme
Metal
Coenzyme
- Prosthetic groups
Thermodynamics
Recation Spontaneity
Gibbs Free Energy ($\Delta G = G_{product} - G_{reactant}$)
- $\Delta G < 0$ : Exergonic Reaction(Spontaneous Reaction)
- $\Delta G = 0$ : At Equilibrium
- $\Delta G > 0$ : Endogornic Reaction(Non-spontaneous Reaction)
- $\Delta G = 0$ : At Equilibrium
- $\Delta G > 0$ : Endogornic Reaction(Non-spontaneous Reaction)
Standard and Biological Gibbs Free Energy
- Activation Energy
Kinetics
Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Inhibition
Irreversible Inhibition
Competitive Inhibition
Uncompetitive Inhibition
Non-competitive Inhibition
- Allosteric inhibitors
- Allosteric Effect
Reference